Party as Vanguard of the Proletariat (V. I. Lenin)

Short note on Party as Vanguard of the Proletariat (V. I. Lenin)

Short note on Party as Vanguard of the Proletariat (V. I. Lenin)

Short note on Party as Vanguard of the Proletariat (V. I. Lenin)

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the leader of the Russian Revolution and founder of the Soviet Union, advanced the theory that the working class (proletariat) could not achieve its revolutionary goals on its own. In his work What Is to Be Done? (1902), Lenin argued that the proletariat needed a disciplined, organized, and ideologically driven political party to lead the revolution. This concept became known as the “party as the vanguard of the proletariat.”

The Role of the Vanguard Party

Lenin’s idea of the vanguard party centers on the belief that the proletariat, while capable of overthrowing the capitalist system, lacks the political consciousness required for revolution on its own. Without guidance, the working class might fall prey to opportunism, reformism, or be diverted by bourgeois ideologies. Therefore, the proletariat needed a highly organized party of professional revolutionaries to provide leadership and direction.

The vanguard party, in Lenin’s view, would be composed of individuals with the highest level of revolutionary consciousness, capable of leading the masses toward a socialist revolution. These revolutionaries would guide the workers and peasants, educate them on Marxist theory, and show them the path to overthrowing capitalism and establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat…..

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